A Pet Food Ingredient to be Wary of: Menadione Sodium Bisulfate

While it’s a little noticed pet food ingredient, Menadione Sodium Bisulfate (and it's many named variations) is one ingredient to look out for and avoid.  This ingredient is commonly found in many dog foods, cat foods, and treats.  Unfortunately, it doesn’t have the best reputation for being a safe or useful pet food ingredient.  Since there are alternatives for pet food makers to use, it makes you wonder why some put our pets at risk. 

Menadione Sodium Bisulfate is a synthetic version of vitamin K.  You’ll see it within the fine print of many pet foods ingredient list.  In addition, of course, it’s not as simple to find it as it should be.  Some pet food ingredient lists will say ‘menadione’, some with say ‘sodium bisulfate’, and some will mention vitamin K3 in parenthesis – and these are just a few of the possible variations you have to look for. 

This ingredient is added to pet foods and treats as an inexpensive source of vitamin K.  In people – deficiencies of vitamin K can lead to blood clotting particularly in the stomach and can lead to intestinal complications.  An example for pets, veterinarians will administer an injection of K1 (not the synthetic K3) to a pet who has consumed a rat poison which causes internal bleeding.  Food sources of natural vitamin K (K1) are green leafy vegetables; which are not on the ‘top ten’ list of many pets.  Pet food ingredients that could provide natural sources of vitamin K are alfalfa and kelp.  However, as you probably have figured out, synthetic vitamin K or menadione is a great deal less expensive than the natural sources of alfalfa and kelp.

Knowing that a pet food company would opt for a synthetic ingredient in contrast to a natural ingredient is bad enough, but it takes one step further on the ‘bad scale’ with Menadione Sodium Bisulfate.  This ingredient can be highly toxic in high doses.  Hazard information regarding menadione lists “carcinogenic effects” and states “the substance is toxic to kidneys, lungs, liver, mucous membranes.  Repeated or prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage.”  http://www.sciencelab.com/xMSDS-Menadione sodium bisulfite-9924604
More information on menadione sodium bisulfate and pets can be read at http://www.dogfoodproject.com/index.php?page=menadione

With the science based information available on this ingredient, there is no sound reason for menadione to be considered as a pet food or pet treat ingredient; that is other than a big money saver for a pet food company.  AAFCO and the FDA have no restrictions to the use of menadione in pet foods, and the pet food can even proudly claim ‘Natural’ on the label even if it contains this un-natural ingredient.  Look at the fine print of your pet’s food and treats for menadione; sources of natural vitamin K (alfalfa and kelp) seem to be a far better option.

Wishing you and your pet the best,

Susan Thixton
Truth About Pet Food
Petsumer Report
www.TruthAboutPetFood.com
www.PetsumerReport.com

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Comments (3)

joan
Said this on 11-15-2011 At 03:42 pm

One of the ingredients in Chicken Soup for the Cat Lover's Soul is ‘sodium bisulfate’.  I wrote to them a rather snarky email and they responded that "‘sodium bisulfate’ is not 'menadione sodium bisulfate’.  Do I believe them?

John
Said this on 3-15-2012 At 09:39 am

Good article, we always want the best for our pets and improving the ingredients in their food is a great goal... a couple of points though to play devils advocate.

All the potential problems you mentioned happened in people... not pets. There have never been ANY reported cases of toxicity in pets from Menadione in pet food... and it's been used for decades.

The toxicity levels you mentioned reference high doses, much higher than ones actually found in food. Common vitamins we all take that are healthy are also toxic when taken in high levels.

K3 is water soluable, not fat soluable, so it doesn't build up in the liver or lymphatic system, so it is not like small doses which are there for a reason, can build up to a toxic level.

I'm all for education, but lets make sure we consider both sides.

Said this on 4-16-2012 At 03:39 pm

There are many websites that make it clear Menadione is not safe for dog food, not matter how small a amount is there. It is not 'ok' for human consumption, so what kind of person would you have to be, to say its just fine for your companion animal to injest ? Give me a break.

There is no reason to take chances with things like this John, and to state otherwise, with zero conclusive peer reviewed long term studies of it IN dog food, is enough to showcase your statements as uneducated and dangerous.

People have a choice when it comes to feeding their loved companion animals good nutritinal ingredients, and not taking needless risks, when other dog/animal food does NOT contain Menadione, would be in everyones best interest. That is the truth, whether its convenient for you to hear or not. Its just 'cheaper' to include, instead of doing the right thing and not including it, as noted, 'without' peer reviewed studies to proof its safe.

There are other good websites out there that make it clear about this issue, and one that I found the opened my eyes to this is:

http://www.dogfoodproject.com/index.php?page=menadione

That's not a name drop, that is factual information that opened my eyes to this tragedy of nutrition, and that my dog may have died from it , given it was in his food from del monte natures recipe. I called them, and they too, could not provide and studies proving it.

That it's in dog food for according to you, for decades, is in no way adequate proof obviously. We need raw science here, not speculation John.

The lives of our companions are more important, to make risky choices, so I recommend everyone
look at your lables, and my the choice to buy dog food from companies that are responsible enough not to include this ingredient, rather than ones who do. I learned the hard way as our beloved roc died, though I can't prove how sadly, - yet. But given his liver was 'shot', and even though he was , yes, on PB for seizures, and given that we know PB if not monitored will cause liver toxicity, its also possible and likely that Menadione at least contributed to it. I say that, because our vets ran tests, as they are supposed to every 3-6 months, and he still died. He was also on KBr along with PB,so its not like everything was done to keep his levels in check,and he still died. Was it negligence on VMD's part, I don't know,- yet.

Do not get yourself in this situation by taking chances, until science shows its safe.

I wish I had known about this long ago, as I would have made the choice to be safe, rather
than sorry.

Your decision.

http://www.therocfund.org
Dedicated to our loved animals and in memory of 'Roc' .

 

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